Whereas turbofolk today has its roots in the neofolk and newly composed folk music popular in urban pubs ( kafane) catering to rural and working-class transplants in Belgrade, reggaetón was “ música negra,” a black genre that was heard in public housing projects ( caserío s), considered a “lowbrow, stigmatized genre, shackled to a legacy of racism and colorism” (Cepeda). The history of reggaetón as a hybridizing genre echoes that of turbofolk. This is evidenced by the popularity of songs like “Despacito” and “Mi Gente,” by Luis Fonsi featuring Daddy Yankee and J Balvin, respectively. In the past five years or so, reggaetón has seen massive growth in popularity in global markets, especially non-Latin markets. Since then, the genre has become widely profitable in Latin America, achieving occasional entrance into English-speaking markets, like 2004’s “Gasolina” by Daddy Yankee. However, reggaetón was crystallized as a musical genre when reggae en espa ñ ol was combined with hip hop by artists in Puerto Rico in the late 1990s, which was in turn influenced by Spanish rap from New York City (Marshall “Dem Bow, Dembow, Dembo”). In the early 1990s, the dembow rhythm (as originally produced in a 1990 song by Jamaican artist Shabba Ranks) was spread through reggae, dancehall, and reggae en espa ñ ol, and variations on it are still prominent in reggaetón today. In Panama in the 1970s, the reggae en espa ñ ol genre developed by covering and creating reggae in Spanish instead of in English/Jamaican patois. In the twentieth century, these rhythms founded reggae in Jamaica, which was spread to Panama by migrant workers who were originally transplanted to Panama while working on the Panama Canal. Reggaetón as a musical genre has its roots in Sub-Saharan rhythms brought to the Caribbean by enslaved Africans in the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. My preferred term is turbotón to acknowledge the subgenre's roots in the turbofolk industry. While I do not use the term Balkaton, this term has been utilized by Balkan artists who are explicitly attempting to make reference to a Caribbean cultural space (for example, Romanian artist Mr VIK’s “Balkaton” or Serbian rapper Rasta’s Balkaton label).
![narodna muzika 2016 narodna muzika 2016](https://balkans.aljazeera.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/badema2.jpg)
This is done by negotiating authenticity within what I am terming turbotón, which is a specific subgenre of turbofolk that utilizes reggaetón beats, Spanish language, and/or tropical locales to evoke the Caribbean.
![narodna muzika 2016 narodna muzika 2016](https://i.pinimg.com/564x/28/42/81/284281e0183230689d6d451e68c16c60.jpg)
Through the medium of reggaetón, turbofolk artists are further hybridizing the genre and producing a transnational product intentionally meant for global consumption outside of the Balkans. Reggaetón has a similar quality as a “vanishing mediator” to turbofolk, and the two share an affinity towards hybridization and transnationalism. The song combines the recognizable dembow beat of reggaetón with Balkan brass horns and Milica Todorović’s trilled vocals, creating a syncretic mixture of influences that is completely unique both to reggaetón and Balkan pop. Severina, "Od Leta do Leta" (“From Summer to Summer”) The first music video in Serbia to reach over 100 million views, 2014’s “Moje Zlato” (“My Gold”) by MC Yankoo and Milica Todorović, heralded the popularity of a new innovation in Balkan pop music: the appropriation of reggaetón, a Caribbean music genre which has steadily been gaining popularity globally since the early 2000s.
![narodna muzika 2016 narodna muzika 2016](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/81RvFl7-mOL._SS500_.jpg)
![narodna muzika 2016 narodna muzika 2016](https://glamocani-laktasi.com/images/1095-2.jpg)
Old Beats, New Verses: 21 Newly Composed Essays on Turbofolk Main Menu Introduction by Vlad Beronja Celebrities Gender and Sexuality National and Cultural Identity Global Influences About ES Librarian at UT Austin a966648bfc0b32297dd765df3f1b759ab94cd497 Saša Kovačević-Temperatura, 2016. Please enable Javascript and reload the page. This site requires Javascript to be turned on.